Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec
Province de Québec — Code civil du Québec, articles 2312 à 2332
Le présent contrat de prêt (ci-après le « Contrat ») est conclu en date du [Date du prêt], conformément aux articles 2312 à 2332 du Code civil du Québec (RLRQ, c. CCQ-1991).
ENTRE LES PARTIES SUIVANTES :
[Prêteur — Nom], domicilié(e) au [Prêteur — Adresse], courriel : [Prêteur — Courriel], téléphone : [Prêteur — Téléphone] (ci-après le « Prêteur ») ;
ET
[Emprunteur — Nom], domicilié(e) au [Emprunteur — Adresse], courriel : [Emprunteur — Courriel], téléphone : [Emprunteur — Téléphone] (ci-après l’« Emprunteur »).
Le Prêteur et l’Emprunteur sont ci-après collectivement désignés les « Parties » et individuellement une « Partie ».
**MONTANT ET OBJET DU PRÊT.** Le Prêteur consent à prêter à l’Emprunteur, qui accepte, la somme de [Montant du prêt] $ CA (dollars canadiens) (ci-après le « Capital »), conformément aux articles 2314 et suivants du Code civil du Québec relatifs au simple prêt. Les fonds sont avancés à l’Emprunteur en date du [Date du prêt]. L’objet du prêt est le suivant : [Objet du prêt].
**INTÉRÊTS.** Le présent prêt porte [Type d’intérêt] de [Taux d’intérêt] % par année, calculé selon la méthode suivante : [Méthode calcul]. Conformément à l’article 2330 du Code civil du Québec, la stipulation d’intérêts oblige le débiteur à les payer. Les intérêts courent à compter de la date d’avance des fonds et sont payables conformément au calendrier de remboursement ci-dessous.
Les Parties reconnaissent que le taux d’intérêt prévu aux présentes ne dépasse pas le taux criminel prévu à l’article 347 du Code criminel (L.R.C. 1985, c. C-46), soit 35 % par année (taux effectif en vigueur depuis 2025). Conformément à l’article 8 de la Loi sur l’intérêt (L.R.C. 1985, c. I-15), le taux d’intérêt est exprimé en taux annuel.
**CALENDRIER DE REMBOURSEMENT.** L’Emprunteur s’engage à rembourser le Capital et les intérêts [Modalité remboursement]. Le montant de chaque versement est de [Montant versement] $ CA, payable [Jour versement], à compter du mois suivant la date d’avance des fonds. Le dernier versement, payable au plus tard le [Date d’échéance], comprend le solde intégral du Capital impayé et des intérêts courus.
Les paiements sont effectués par virement électronique Interac, chèque certifié ou tout autre mode de paiement mutuellement convenu entre les Parties. Tous les paiements sont imputés d’abord sur les intérêts échus, puis sur le Capital, conformément à l’article 1570 du Code civil du Québec.
**DÉFAUT ET RECOURS.** L’Emprunteur est en défaut dans les cas suivants : (a) le non-paiement d’un versement dans les [Délai de grâce] jours suivant sa date d’exigibilité ; (b) la faillite ou l’insolvabilité de l’Emprunteur ; (c) toute déclaration fausse ou trompeuse faite par l’Emprunteur dans le cadre du présent Contrat ; ou (d) la violation de toute obligation matérielle du présent Contrat.
En cas de défaut, le Prêteur peut, après mise en demeure écrite conformément à l’article 1594 du Code civil du Québec : (a) exiger le remboursement immédiat de la totalité du Capital impayé, des intérêts courus et de tous les frais connexes (déchéance du terme) ; et (b) exiger des intérêts de défaut au taux de [Taux défaut] % par année sur tout montant impayé à compter de la date du défaut.
**LÉSION ET PROTECTION DE L’EMPRUNTEUR.** Les Parties reconnaissent que, conformément à l’article 2332 du Code civil du Québec, le tribunal peut, s’il constate une lésion, prononcer la nullité du contrat, ordonner la réduction des obligations qui en découlent ou réviser les modalités de leur exécution, compte tenu du risque et de l’ensemble des circonstances. Les Parties déclarent que les conditions du présent Contrat, y compris le taux d’intérêt et les frais, sont équitables et ne constituent pas une lésion au sens du Code civil du Québec.
**BONNE FOI.** Conformément à l’article 1375 du Code civil du Québec, les Parties s’engagent à exercer leurs droits et à exécuter leurs obligations en vertu du présent Contrat selon les exigences de la bonne foi. Le Prêteur s’engage à ne pas exercer ses droits de manière abusive et l’Emprunteur s’engage à honorer ses obligations de remboursement de manière diligente.
**RÉSOLUTION DES DIFFÉRENDS.** Tout différend découlant du présent Contrat ou s’y rapportant est résolu par [Mode règlement]. La partie ayant gain de cause a droit au remboursement de ses honoraires d’avocats et frais raisonnables.
**AVIS.** Tous les avis requis ou permis en vertu du présent Contrat doivent être donnés par écrit et sont réputés reçus lorsqu’ils sont : (a) remis en personne ; (b) envoyés par courrier recommandé avec accusé de réception par Postes Canada ; ou (c) transmis par courriel avec accusé de réception, aux adresses indiquées en en-tête du présent Contrat.
**LOI APPLICABLE ET DIVISIBILITÉ.** Le présent Contrat est régi et interprété conformément aux lois de la province de Québec et aux lois fédérales du Canada qui s’y appliquent, notamment le Code civil du Québec (RLRQ, c. CCQ-1991), la Loi sur l’intérêt (L.R.C. 1985, c. I-15), le Code criminel (L.R.C. 1985, c. C-46, art. 347) et, le cas échéant, la Loi sur la protection du consommateur (RLRQ, c. P-40.1). Si une disposition du présent Contrat est jugée invalide, illégale ou inexigible, cette invalidité n’affecte pas les autres dispositions.
**INTÉGRALITÉ DU CONTRAT ET MODIFICATIONS.** Le présent Contrat constitue l’intégralité de l’entente entre les Parties relativement au prêt décrit ci-dessus et remplace toutes les négociations et ententes antérieures. Le présent Contrat ne peut être modifié que par un écrit dûment signé par les deux Parties.
EN FOI DE QUOI, les Parties ont signé le présent Contrat de prêt à la date inscrite ci-dessus.
Prêteur :
Nom : [Prêteur — Nom]
Date : [Date signature prêteur]
Emprunteur :
Nom : [Emprunteur — Nom]
Date : [Date signature emprunteur]
Prêteur
________________
Signature
Date: ________________
Emprunteur
________________
Signature
Date: ________________
What Is a Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec?
A Quebec Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) is a legal contract governed by articles 2312 to 2332 of the Code civil du Québec (CCQ) by which one person (the prêteur or lender) advances a sum of money to another person (the emprunteur or borrower), who undertakes to repay the same amount, with or without interest, within an agreed timeframe. The CCQ classifies loans into two categories: the prêt à usage (loan for use, articles 2313-2326), which involves lending a specific thing for temporary use, and the simple prêt (articles 2327-2332), which covers the lending of money or consumable things.
The Quebec loan agreement operates within a civil law framework fundamentally different from the common law approach used in other Canadian provinces. Under the CCQ, the simple prêt of money is governed by specific rules on interest (article 2330), which state that the stipulation of interest obliges the debtor to pay them and that, in the absence of a specified rate, the legal rate applies. Article 2332 CCQ provides a distinctive protection against lésion (unfairness or exploitation): a court may declare the loan contract null, reduce the borrower's obligations, or revise the terms of performance if it finds lésion having regard to the risk and all circumstances.
The overriding obligation of bonne foi (good faith) under article 1375 CCQ applies to all aspects of the loan relationship, from negotiation through repayment. This means both the lender and borrower must exercise their rights honestly and without abusing their contractual powers. Additionally, the federal Interest Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. I-15) requires interest rates to be expressed as annual rates (section 4), and the Criminal Code (R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, section 347) prohibits effective annual interest rates exceeding 35% per annum (as amended in 2025), including all fees and charges. The Loi sur la protection du consommateur (RLRQ, chapter P-40.1) provides additional mandatory protections for consumer loans made by commercial lenders. Under Quebec law, Article 1385 of the Civil Code of Québec (CCQ) and Section 4 of the Business Corporations Act (CQLR c S-31.1) govern the core requirements for this type of document.
The legal framework governing the Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec in Quebec draws on several key statutes and regulatory bodies. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. The Consumer Protection Act (CQLR c P-40.1) and the Office de la protection du consommateur (OPC) protect consumer rights. The Act Respecting the Protection of Personal Information in the Private Sector governs data privacy through the Commission d'acces a l'information (CAI). Revenu Quebec administers provincial tax obligations. Parties executing a Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec in Quebec should confirm the document reflects current law, including any amendments enacted since the original drafting date. The Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332 sets the foundational requirements.
Article 1375 of the Civil Code of Quebec imposes a duty of good faith in contractual performance. Article 1379 of the Civil Code of Quebec defines contracts of adhesion. Article 1432 of the Civil Code of Quebec governs interpretation against the drafter. Article 1457 of the Civil Code of Quebec establishes extra-contractual liability. Article 1458 of the Civil Code of Quebec addresses contractual liability. Section 6 of the Act Respecting Labour Standards of Quebec mandates minimum employment conditions. Section 10 of the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms of Quebec prohibits discrimination. The Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Quebec have jurisdiction over civil disputes arising from agreements governed by Quebec law.
When Do You Need a Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec?
When one individual in Quebec lends money to another individual (a private loan between friends, family members, or acquaintances) and both parties wish to formalize the terms of the loan in writing, including the principal amount, interest rate, repayment schedule, and consequences of default, to avoid misunderstandings and to create an enforceable legal document.
When a Quebec business advances funds to another business or individual and needs a loan agreement that complies with the Code civil du Québec's specific requirements for simple prêt, including the mandatory disclosure of the interest rate as an annual rate under the federal Interest Act and compliance with Criminal Code section 347.
When a borrower in Quebec needs to provide security (sûreté) for a loan, such as a hypothèque mobiliere on movable property, and the parties need to document the security arrangement for registration at the Registre des droits personnels et réels mobiliers (RDPRM) under articles 2934 and following of the CCQ.
When parties wish to establish clear terms for prepayment of the loan, including whether prepayment is permitted, any applicable penalties, and the notice period required, to avoid disputes about early repayment.
When a lender wishes to protect against the borrower's potential default by specifying the events of default, the grace period, the default interest rate, and the remedies available to the lender, including the right to demand immediate repayment of the entire outstanding balance (déchéance du terme).
Without a written loan agreement, the parties must rely on the default rules of the CCQ, which may create uncertainty about the interest rate, repayment terms, and the lender's remedies in case of default. The absence of written documentation also makes it more difficult to prove the existence and terms of the loan in court. Under Quebec law, Article 1385 of the Civil Code of Québec (CCQ) and Section 4 of the Business Corporations Act (CQLR c S-31.1) govern the core requirements for this type of document.
Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. The Consumer Protection Act (CQLR c P-40.1) and the Office de la protection du consommateur (OPC) protect consumer rights. The Act Respecting the Protection of Personal Information in the Private Sector governs data privacy through the Commission d'acces a l'information (CAI). Revenu Quebec administers provincial tax obligations.
What to Include in Your Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec
Montant et Objet du Prêt — The principal amount of the loan in Canadian dollars (CAD), the date of advance, and the stated purpose for which the funds will be used. Under article 2314 CCQ, the simple prêt transfers ownership of the money to the borrower, who must return the same amount.
Taux d'Intérêt — The annual interest rate, the calculation method (simple or compound), and compliance with the federal Interest Act (which requires expression as an annual rate) and Criminal Code section 347 (which prohibits effective annual rates exceeding 35%). Under article 2330 CCQ, the stipulation of interest obliges the borrower to pay them.
Calendrier de Remboursement — The repayment schedule specifying whether repayment is in a single lump sum at maturity, in equal monthly installments of principal and interest, or as interest-only payments with principal due at maturity. Payments are applied first to accrued interest, then to principal, per article 1570 CCQ.
Remboursement Anticipé — Whether the borrower may prepay the loan in whole or in part before the maturity date, any applicable prepayment penalty, and the required notice period. For consumer loans under the Loi sur la protection du consommateur, prepayment without penalty is a mandatory right.
Sûreté (Security) — If the loan is secured, a description of the collateral and the obligation to register the security at the Registre des droits personnels et réels mobiliers (RDPRM) under articles 2934 and following of the CCQ. Quebec's security regime (hypothèque mobiliere) differs significantly from common law pledges and security interests.
Défaut et Recours — The events constituting default (missed payments, bankruptcy, false declarations, breach of material obligations), the grace period, the default interest rate, and the lender's remedies including the right to demand immediate repayment of the entire balance (déchéance du terme) after written mise en demeure (formal demand) under article 1594 CCQ.
Lésion Protection — Article 2332 CCQ allows a court to declare the contract null, reduce the borrower's obligations, or revise the terms if it finds lésion, taking into account the risk and all circumstances. This is a uniquely Quebec civil law protection against unfair lending practices.
Bonne Foi — Article 1375 CCQ requires both the lender and borrower to exercise their rights and perform their obligations in good faith. The lender must not exercise remedies abusively, and the borrower must honor repayment obligations diligently. Under Quebec law, Article 1385 of the Civil Code of Québec (CCQ) and Section 4 of the Business Corporations Act (CQLR c S-31.1) govern the core requirements for this type of document. Under Quebec law, Section 79.1 of the Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and Article 35 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CQLR c C-25.01) govern the core requirements for this type of document.
Additional compliance elements for a Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec used in Quebec include: Data Protection — applicable privacy legislation requires a lawful basis for processing personal data; Governing Law — specify Quebec law and jurisdiction; Dispute Resolution — parties may refer disputes to the appropriate tribunal or court. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. The Consumer Protection Act (CQLR c P-40.1) and the Office de la protection du consommateur (OPC) protect consumer rights. The Act Respecting the Protection of Personal Information in the Private Sector governs data privacy through the Commission d'acces a l'information (CAI). Revenu Quebec administers provincial tax obligations. Forms-legal.com provides this template as a starting point for Quebec-compliant documentation.
Article 1590 of the Civil Code of Quebec provides remedies including specific performance and damages. Article 1601 of the Civil Code of Quebec establishes compensatory damages principles. Article 1604 of the Civil Code of Quebec governs the right to resolution. Article 1613 of the Civil Code of Quebec limits damages to foreseeable losses. Article 1623 of the Civil Code of Quebec allows liquidated damages clauses. Article 2803 of the Civil Code of Quebec places the burden of proof on the claiming party. Section 41 of the Consumer Protection Act of Quebec regulates warranty obligations. Section 53 of the Consumer Protection Act of Quebec establishes merchant liability. The Autorite des marches financiers du Quebec supervises financial transactions. The Office de la protection du consommateur du Quebec enforces consumer rights. Forms-legal.com provides this Quebec-compliant template as a starting point.
Sources & Citations
Statutory citations link to official government sources.
- R.S.C. 1985, c. I-15CA official
- R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46CA official
Cite this page
Reference this free template in an article, syllabus, or research note:
Forms Legal. (2026). Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec (Quebec) [Legal document template]. Forms Legal. https://forms-legal.com/quebec/financial/loans/loan-agreement-quebec
"Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec (Quebec)." Forms Legal, 2026, https://forms-legal.com/quebec/financial/loans/loan-agreement-quebec.
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title = {Loan Agreement (Contrat de prêt) — Quebec (Quebec)},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://forms-legal.com/quebec/financial/loans/loan-agreement-quebec}},
note = {Free legal document template. Based on Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332}
}Frequently Asked Questions
Loan agreements in Quebec are governed by articles 2312 to 2332 of the Code civil du Québec (CCQ), under the chapter 'Du prêt' (On Loan). The CCQ distinguishes between the prêt à usage (loan for use, articles 2313-2326) and the simple prêt (simple loan of money, articles 2327-2332). The federal Interest Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. I-15) and Criminal Code s. 347 also apply to interest rate provisions. Under Quebec law, Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332, parties should seek independent legal advice from a qualified lawyer to confirm compliance with all applicable requirements. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. Forms-legal.com provides this template as a starting point for Quebec-compliant documentation.
Under section 347 of the Criminal Code of Canada (as amended effective 2025), the maximum effective annual interest rate is 35% per annum (reduced from the previous 60% threshold). This criminal rate includes all charges, fees, and expenses related to the loan. Additionally, under article 2332 CCQ, a Quebec court may reduce the borrower's obligations or declare the contract null if it finds lésion (unfairness), taking into account the risk and all circumstances. Under Quebec law, Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332, parties should seek independent legal advice from a qualified lawyer to confirm compliance with all applicable requirements. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. Forms-legal.com provides this template as a starting point for Quebec-compliant documentation.
Article 2332 of the Code civil du Québec provides a unique protection for borrowers: when the loan involves a sum of money, the court may declare the contract null, order the reduction of the borrower's obligations, or revise the terms of their performance if it finds lésion (unfairness or exploitation) having regard to the risk and all circumstances. This is a broader protection than what exists in common law provinces and reflects Quebec civil law's concern with substantive contractual fairness. Under Quebec law, Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332, parties should seek independent legal advice from a qualified lawyer to confirm compliance with all applicable requirements. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. Forms-legal.com provides this template as a starting point for Quebec-compliant documentation.
Under the general rules of the Code civil du Québec, a borrower may prepay a loan in whole or in part, subject to the terms of the loan agreement. If the loan is governed by the Loi sur la protection du consommateur (consumer loan), the borrower has the right to prepay at any time without penalty. For non-consumer loans, the prepayment right and any applicable penalties must be specified in the loan agreement. Under Quebec law, Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332, parties should seek independent legal advice from a qualified lawyer to confirm compliance with all applicable requirements. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. Forms-legal.com provides this template as a starting point for Quebec-compliant documentation.
The Loi sur la protection du consommateur (RLRQ, chapter P-40.1) applies when a loan is made by a merchant (commerçant) to a natural person (consumer) for personal, family, or household purposes. Consumer loans are subject to mandatory disclosure requirements, maximum charges, and the right to prepay without penalty. The LPC does not apply to loans between private individuals or to commercial loans. This template is designed for private non-consumer loans between individuals. Under Quebec law, Civil Code of Québec (CCQ), art. 2312-2332, parties should seek independent legal advice from a qualified lawyer to confirm compliance with all applicable requirements. Under Quebec law, the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) governs contractual obligations and property rights. The Act Respecting Labour Standards (CQLR c N-1.1) and the Commission des normes, de l'equite, de la sante et de la securite du travail (CNESST) regulate employment. Forms-legal.com provides this template as a starting point for Quebec-compliant documentation.
This template is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change over time. Consult a qualified attorney for advice specific to your situation.Full disclaimer
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