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Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios)

Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios)

CONTRATO DE OBRA POR PRECIOS UNITARIOS

Conforme al Artículo 2616 del Código Civil Federal y la Metodología LOPSRM Artículo 45

I. PARTES

En [Execution City], a [Execution Date].

DUEÑO DE LA OBRA:

[Owner Name], RFC: [Owner RFC], con domicilio en [Owner Address].

CONTRATISTA:

[Contractor Name], RFC: [Contractor RFC], con domicilio en [Contractor Address], representado por [Contractor Representative].

II. OBJETO, PROYECTO Y CATÁLOGO DE PRECIOS UNITARIOS

2.1 Descripción de la obra: [Project Description]

2.2 Domicilio de la obra: [Project Address]

2.3 Catálogo de Precios Unitarios (Anexo A): [Catalogue Reference]

2.4 Monto estimado del contrato: [Estimated Contract Value]

2.5 Fecha base de precios unitarios: [Price Base Date]

2.6 El monto estimado no constituye un precio fijo ni un techo contractual — el importe final se determinará con base en las cantidades reales de trabajo medidas y certificadas conforme al procedimiento de la Cláusula IV.

2.7 Director Responsable de Obra: [DRO Name]

2.8 Licencia de construcción: [Building Permit]

III. ANTICIPO, ESCALACIÓN Y CONDICIONES DE PAGO

3.1 Anticipo: [Anticipo Amount]

3.2 Cláusula de ajuste de costos: [Escalation Clause]

3.3 Plazo de pago de estimaciones: [Payment Period]

IV. MEDICIÓN Y ESTIMACIONES DE AVANCE DE OBRA

4.1 Periodicidad de medición: [Measurement Frequency]

4.2 Procedimiento de medición: [Measurement Procedure]

4.3 Los precios unitarios permanecerán fijos para cantidades dentro del ±25% de las estimadas en el catálogo. Variaciones fuera de ese rango dan derecho a renegociación del precio unitario afectado. Los conceptos extraordinarios no incluidos en el catálogo se valuarán por acuerdo usando la metodología de análisis de precios unitarios (APU) del Reglamento de la LOPSRM.

V. PLAZO, PENA CONVENCIONAL Y FIANZAS

5.1 Inicio: [Start Date]

5.2 Terminación contractual: [Completion Date]

5.3 Pena convencional por mora: [Liquidated Damages]

5.4 Fianzas requeridas: [Guarantee Bonds]

VI. ENTREGA, GARANTÍA Y RESOLUCIÓN DE CONTROVERSIAS

6.1 Entrega mediante Acta de Entrega y Recepción firmada por ambas partes y el DRO (Artículo 2635 CCF).

6.2 Garantía por vicios ocultos y responsabilidad estructural: [Warranty Period]

6.3 Resolución de controversias: [Dispute Resolution]. Ley aplicable: Código Civil Federal.

VII. FIRMAS

DUEÑO DE LA OBRA:

[Owner Name] — RFC: [Owner RFC]

Firma: _________________________

CONTRATISTA:

[Contractor Name] — RFC: [Contractor RFC]

Representante: [Contractor Representative]

Firma: _________________________

DIRECTOR RESPONSABLE DE OBRA (DRO):

[DRO Name]

Firma: _________________________

Property Owner (Dueño de la Obra)

________________

Signature

Contractor (Contratista)

________________

Signature

Director Responsable de Obra (DRO)

________________

Signature

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What Is a Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios)?

A Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato de Obra por Precios Unitarios) is a written construction agreement under which the total payment to the contractor (contratista) is calculated by multiplying agreed unit prices (precios unitarios) — fixed per unit of measurement for each type of work — by the actual quantities of work measured and verified in the field. Unlike a precio alzado contract where the total price is fixed at contract execution, the final contract value under the precios unitarios modality fluctuates with actual quantities executed. The Contrato por Precios Unitarios is regulated by the Código Civil Federal (CCF) Article 2616 for private works, and its methodology is extensively codified in the Ley de Obras Públicas y Servicios Relacionados con las Mismas (LOPSRM, DOF 2000) Article 45, which governs federal public works — making the LOPSRM provisions influential best-practice standards that private sector parties frequently adopt by reference in their precios unitarios contracts.

The catálogo de precios unitarios (unit-price catalogue or schedule of rates) is the heart of the precios unitarios contract. Each line item in the catálogo specifies a work concept (concepto de trabajo) — such as excavación en material tipo III (hard rock excavation), concreto f'c=250 kg/cm² para muros (250 kg/cm² concrete for walls), or impermeabilización de losa con membrana asfáltica (asphalt membrane waterproofing of roof slab) — accompanied by the unit of measurement (m³, m², ml, kg, or pieza), the estimated quantity (cantidad estimada), and the fixed unit price (precio unitario) in Mexican pesos (MXN) per unit. The unit price includes all direct costs (costos directos): materials, labour, equipment, and tools required to execute one unit of the work concept; indirect costs (costos indirectos): contractor overhead, site management, and profit; and applicable financing costs. IVA (Impuesto al Valor Agregado at 16%) is stated separately per the Ley del IVA and Código Fiscal de la Federación.

The Ley de Obras Públicas y Servicios Relacionados Article 45 establishes the methodology for precios unitarios in public works — requiring that unit prices be analysed (análisis de precios unitarios) through a structured breakdown of direct and indirect cost components, with the Secretaría de la Función Pública (SFP) overseeing compliance in federal contracts. Private sector precios unitarios contracts often incorporate the LOPSRM methodology by reference to ensure transparency and facilitate dispute resolution — the Cámara Mexicana de la Industria de la Construcción (CMIC) publishes standard catálogos and análisis de precios unitarios for common construction work types that are widely used as benchmarks.

Quantity measurement and certification (medición y certificación de cantidades) is the critical operational process in a precios unitarios contract. Quantities actually executed are measured jointly by the contractor and the owner's supervising engineer (supervisor de obra or residente de obra) in periodic site visits — typically weekly or bi-weekly — resulting in an estimación de avance de obra (progress measurement certificate). The estimación, signed by both parties, serves as the basis for the contractor's CFDI (Comprobante Fiscal Digital por Internet) invoice and triggers the corresponding payment under the agreed payment terms. Disputes about quantities are the most common source of conflict in precios unitarios contracts — the measurement procedure must be detailed in the contract to prevent these disputes.

The Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) and the Banco de México publish construction cost indices (Índices de Costos de Construcción) that are used for price escalation adjustments (ajuste de costos) in long-duration precios unitarios contracts — reflecting changes in the cost of materials, labour, and equipment between the bid date and the execution date of the measured work. The LOPSRM Article 57 and Reglamento de la LOPSRM Articles 191–210 regulate the escalation adjustment methodology for public works, which private sector parties adapt in their contracts.

When Do You Need a Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios)?

A Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios) is needed when the construction scope, quantities, or site conditions cannot be precisely defined at contract execution — making it impossible to fix a reliable total price — and both parties prefer a payment structure based on actual measured work under the Código Civil Federal Article 2616 and LOPSRM Article 45 methodology.

The contract is needed for infrastructure and civil works projects — road construction, drainage systems, retaining walls, earthworks, and utility installations — where the actual quantities of excavation, concrete, and pipe installation depend on subsurface conditions discovered during execution. A precio alzado contract would require the contractor to carry excessive risk for unknown quantities, resulting in an inflated fixed price; the precios unitarios modality allows both parties to share quantity risk fairly.

The document is required for large commercial or industrial construction projects in Mexico where the design is substantially complete at bid stage but where quantities of key work items — particularly earthwork, piling, and reinforced concrete — cannot be measured with precision from drawings alone. The Cámara Mexicana de la Industria de la Construcción (CMIC) recommends precios unitarios for all construction projects where the estimated quantities of major work items carry uncertainty exceeding 10%.

A precios unitarios contract is needed for renovation and demolition works where the extent of demolition, structural repair, or hidden-defect remediation cannot be determined until walls and ceilings are opened — demolition regularly reveals structural conditions (damage, non-standard construction, hazardous materials like asbesto asbestos or plomo lead) that affect quantities and costs unpredictably.

The contract is required when the owner needs payment certainty per unit of work — hospital, hotel, and retail chain owners commissioning multiple similar structures benefit from a negotiated precios unitarios catalogue that can be applied consistently across multiple projects and buildings, providing transparency and enabling audit of contractor costs.

Under CCF art. 2616 and LOPSRM art. 45, construction owners undertaking complex or quantity-uncertain works should use a precios unitarios contract — it provides fairer risk allocation than precio alzado when quantities are uncertain, and more cost transparency than administración when the owner needs price discipline and payment predictability per unit of work.

What to Include in Your Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios)

A valid Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico under the Código Civil Federal Article 2616 and LOPSRM Article 45 methodology must contain the following essential elements to be enforceable before the Juzgados Civiles and the Centro de Arbitraje de México (CAM):

Unit-Price Catalogue (Catálogo de Precios Unitarios): The complete schedule of unit prices (catálogo or generadores) listing every work concept (concepto de trabajo), unit of measurement, estimated quantity, unit price in MXN, and extended amount. The catálogo must be signed by both parties and incorporated as a binding annex. Unit prices must be accompanied by análisis de precios unitarios showing the cost breakdown for at least the major line items — this transparency supports dispute resolution when quantities or prices are challenged.

Quantity Measurement Procedure: A detailed measurement procedure (procedimiento de medición de cantidades) specifying how quantities of executed work are jointly measured, documented, and agreed. The procedure must specify the measurement frequency (typically bi-weekly or monthly), who participates (contratista, residente de obra, and supervising engineer), the measurement documentation format (generadores de cantidades or números generadores), and the dispute resolution process when measurement quantities are contested. Without a clear measurement procedure, quantity disputes become the principal litigation risk in precios unitarios contracts.

Progress Certificate and Payment Process: The procedure for preparing, reviewing, approving, and paying estimaciones de avance de obra — the periodic progress payment certificates. Each estimación must specify the work concept, measured quantity, unit price, IVA, and cumulative total. The payment period after submission of a properly prepared estimación should be defined (typically 20–30 calendar days). Overdue payment triggers the contractor's right to apply moratory interest (intereses moratorios) at the agreed rate or the TIIE (Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio) plus a spread.

Price Escalation Adjustment: For contracts exceeding 6 months in duration, a price escalation clause (cláusula de ajuste de costos) referencing INEGI construction cost indices or Banco de México published indices for materials and labour — specifying the base date (fecha de base de precios), the trigger threshold (e.g., cumulative escalation exceeding 5%), and the calculation methodology per LOPSRM Article 57 and its Reglamento Articles 191–210.

Estimated Total Contract Value: Although the final total will be determined by actual measured quantities, the contract should state the estimated contract value (monto estimado del contrato) based on the catálogo quantities and unit prices. This estimated value is used for insurance sizing, guarantee amounts, anticipo calculation, and lender disbursement planning. The contract must state expressly that the estimated total is not a cap or guaranteed maximum.

Anticipo and Guarantees: The anticipo amount (typically 10–20% of the estimated contract value), amortisation schedule, and fianza de anticipo from a CNSF-authorised afianzadora. A cumplimiento bond (performance guarantee — typically 10% of estimated contract value) and a vicios ocultos bond (defects liability guarantee — typically 5%) are standard for projects above $500,000 MXN.

Director Responsable de Obra: Identification of the DRO by name, cédula profesional number, and Colegio registration, with the licencia de construcción details and the DRO's measurement certification role in the estimación process.

Timeline and Liquidated Damages: Construction programme (programa de obra) with milestone dates, a defined completion date (fecha de terminación), and a pena convencional under CCF Article 2117 for delay — typically 0.1–0.5% of the estimated contract value per day of unexcused delay, capped at 10% of the estimated value.

Variation in Estimated Quantities: A clause specifying how variations in quantities affect the contract — industry standard provides that unit prices remain firm for quantities within ±25% of the estimated amounts, and are renegotiated for quantities outside this band. New work concepts not in the original catálogo are priced by agreement using análisis de precios unitarios methodology.

Forms-legal.com provides this Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico template as a practical starting point. Precios unitarios contracts for infrastructure, industrial, or high-value commercial projects should be prepared with the assistance of a Licenciado en Derecho specialised in contratos de obras and a qualified quantity surveyor (perito valuador de obras) for catálogo preparation and measurement dispute resolution.

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@misc{formslegal-unit-price-construction-contract-mexico,
  author       = {{Forms Legal}},
  title        = {Unit Price Construction Contract Mexico (Contrato por Precios Unitarios) (Mexico)},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://forms-legal.com/mexico/business/construction/unit-price-construction-contract-mexico}},
  note         = {Free legal document template}
}

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