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Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (APP)

Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (APP)

CONTRATO DE ASOCIACIÓN PÚBLICO-PRIVADA (APP)

Ley de Asociaciones Público-Privadas — Artículos 1 a 5 y disposiciones complementarias

PARTES CONTRATANTES

En [Execution City], a [Execution Date], celebran el presente Contrato APP:

EL ENTE PÚBLICO: [Public Entity Name], representado por [Public Entity Representative], con Autorización SHCP [SHCP Authorisation].

EL DESARROLLADOR PRIVADO / CONCESIONARIO: [Developer Name], RFC: [Developer RFC], domicilio: [Developer Address], representado por [Developer Representative].

CLÁUSULA PRIMERA — DESCRIPCIÓN Y ALCANCE DEL PROYECTO

Proyecto: [Project Name]

Tipo de infraestructura: [Project Type]

Ubicación: [Project Location]

Alcance técnico: [Project Scope]

El Desarrollador se obliga a diseñar, financiar, construir, operar y mantener el proyecto APP conforme a las Especificaciones Técnicas y Funcionales del Anexo Técnico, las Normas Oficiales Mexicanas aplicables y los requerimientos ambientales de la Manifestación de Impacto Ambiental autorizada por SEMARNAT.

CLÁUSULA SEGUNDA — TÉRMINOS FINANCIEROS Y MECANISMO DE PAGO

Inversión total del proyecto: [Total Investment]

Plazo de la concesión: [Concession Term]

Mecanismo de pago: [Payment Mechanism]

Garantía o pago mínimo gubernamental: [Minimum Guarantee]

Las obligaciones de pago del Ente Público constituyen obligaciones contingentes conforme al Artículo 50 de la Ley Federal de Presupuesto y Responsabilidad Hacendaria (LFPRH) y se registran en el Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación del ejercicio fiscal correspondiente.

CLÁUSULA TERCERA — PERÍODO DE CONSTRUCCIÓN Y DESEMPEÑO

Período de construcción: [Construction Period]

Estándar de disponibilidad en operación: [Availability Standard]

Garantía de cumplimiento: [Performance Bond]

El Desarrollador deberá iniciar la construcción en la Fecha de Inicio de Obras (FIO) acordada conforme al programa de obra del Anexo C y alcanzar la Fecha de Inicio de Operaciones Comerciales (FIOC) dentro del período de construcción establecido. El incumplimiento del calendario de construcción generará deducciones conforme al Mecanismo de Pago del Anexo B.

CLÁUSULA CUARTA — DISTRIBUCIÓN DE RIESGOS

Los riesgos del proyecto se distribuyen conforme a la Matriz de Riesgos del Anexo D, cuyos principios rectores son:

a)

Riesgo de diseño y construcción: a cargo del Desarrollador.

b)

Riesgo de disponibilidad y desempeño operativo: a cargo del Desarrollador.

c)

Riesgo de demanda (tráfico o usuarios): conforme al mecanismo de pago acordado.

d)

Riesgo de cambio en ley: a cargo del Ente Público, con compensación al Desarrollador conforme al Artículo 18 Ley APP.

e)

Riesgo de fuerza mayor: compartido según la naturaleza del evento, conforme a los términos del Anexo E.

CLÁUSULA QUINTA — INTEGRIDAD Y ANTICORRUPCIÓN

El Desarrollador declara cumplir con la Ley General del Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción (LGSNAC), la Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas (LGRA), la Ley Federal Anticorrupción en Contrataciones Públicas (LFACP) y el Programa de Verificación de Integridad y Ética Pública (PVIE) de la SFP. El Desarrollador prohíbe el pago de cualquier soborno, gratificación o facilitación (pago de facilitación) a funcionarios públicos.

CLÁUSULA SEXTA — RESOLUCIÓN DE CONTROVERSIAS

Las controversias de naturaleza técnica se someterán a perito técnico independiente. Las controversias comerciales y financieras se someterán a arbitraje vinculante ante el Centro de Arbitraje de México (CAM), con sede en Ciudad de México, conforme al Artículo 36 de la Ley de Asociaciones Público-Privadas. Las controversias de naturaleza administrativa se someterán al Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa (TFJA) conforme a la Ley Federal de Procedimiento Contencioso Administrativo.

FIRMAS

EL ENTE PÚBLICO:

[Public Entity Name]

[Public Entity Representative]

Firma y sello oficial: _________________________

EL DESARROLLADOR PRIVADO / CONCESIONARIO:

[Developer Name]

[Developer Representative]

Firma: _________________________

Public Entity (Ente Público Contratante)

________________

Signature

Private Developer / Concessionaire (Desarrollador / Concesionario)

________________

Signature

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What Is a Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (APP)?

A Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (Contrato de Asociación Público-Privada or APP) is a long-term contractual arrangement under which a private sector developer or consortium (desarrollador privado or socio privado) partners with a federal, state, or municipal public entity (ente público) to design, finance, build, operate, maintain, and in some cases transfer public infrastructure — including highways (carreteras), airports (aeropuertos), ports (puertos), hospitals (hospitales), schools (escuelas), water treatment plants (plantas de tratamiento de agua), prisons (centros penitenciarios), and digital infrastructure (infraestructura digital) — in exchange for payments from the public entity, user fees (cobros a usuarios), or a combination of both, over a concession period typically ranging from 15 to 40 years.

The Ley de Asociaciones Público-Privadas (Ley APP), published in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on 16 January 2012 and substantially reformed in 2016 and 2022, establishes the legal framework for APP contracts at the federal level in Mexico, governed by the Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP) and the Secretaría de la Función Pública (SFP). Articles 1 through 5 of the Ley APP define the scope, principles, and institutional framework of the APP regime: Article 1 defines APPs as schemes for the long-term provision of public services or infrastructure where private sector resources and risk-management expertise are combined with public sector authority and regulation; Article 2 establishes that APPs must provide value for money (valor por dinero) compared with traditional public procurement; Article 3 requires that APP projects be identified and evaluated by the relevant Secretaría and approved by SHCP before tender; Article 4 establishes the mandatory cost-benefit analysis (análisis costo-beneficio) and socioeconomic evaluation (evaluación socioeconómica) requirements; and Article 5 confirms that all APP obligations constitute contingent liabilities (obligaciones contingentes) of the federal or state government that must be disclosed in the Presupuesto de Egresos.

The APP model in Mexico is specifically designed to leverage private sector financing, efficiency, and innovation for public infrastructure projects where traditional direct public investment (obra pública directa) under the Ley de Obras Públicas y Servicios Relacionados (LOPSRM) is constrained by budgetary limitations or efficiency concerns. Unlike a traditional public works contract (contrato de obra pública) under LOPSRM, where the government pays the full construction cost upfront and bears all risk, an APP contract transfers significant design, construction, financing, availability, and operational performance risk to the private partner, who is paid only when the infrastructure is operational and meets agreed performance standards.

The Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP) through its Unidad de Inversiones maintains the national infrastructure investment pipeline (Cartera de Inversión) and oversees APP project approvals at the federal level. The Banco Nacional de Obras y Servicios Públicos (BANOBRAS) provides project finance support, guarantees, and technical assistance for APP transactions. Mexico's major APP projects have included the Red de Carreteras de Occidente (highway network), the Nuevo Hospital del IMSS in Querétaro, the NAICM airport project (now Aeropuerto Internacional Felipe Ángeles — AIFA), multiple penitentiary facilities under the Programa de Infraestructura Penitenciaria Federal, and water infrastructure projects in multiple states.

State-level APP frameworks are established by individual state APP laws (leyes de asociaciones público-privadas estatales) — most Mexican states have enacted their own APP legislation following the federal model, applicable to state and municipal infrastructure projects. The regulatory overlap between federal Ley APP, state APP laws, and federal anti-corruption legislation (Ley General del Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción — LGSNAC) creates a complex compliance environment for both public entities and private developers.

When Do You Need a Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (APP)?

A Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico is needed whenever a federal, state, or municipal public entity seeks to procure major infrastructure or public services through a long-term partnership with the private sector, transferring significant financing, construction, and operational risk to the private developer in exchange for performance-based payments or user fee revenues.

The APP contract is essential when a federal secretaría (SEMARNAT, SEP, IMSS, SSA, SCT, CFE) or a state government identifies an infrastructure project that exceeds the government's available capital budget but is economically viable over a long-term period — making private financing through project finance (financiamiento de proyecto) structures attractive. Ley APP Article 14 requires that the project pass a value-for-money assessment (análisis de valor por dinero) comparing the APP structure against the Public Sector Comparator (Comparador del Sector Público) before the federal government can proceed with the APP route.

The contract is required when the private developer will finance the construction cost through project finance debt — long-term loans from banks (BANOBRAS, BBVA, Banorte, Santander, international development banks including IFC, IADB, and CAF) secured against the APP contract's future revenue stream (flujo de ingresos futuros) rather than against the developer's balance sheet. The lenders (acreedores del proyecto) typically require a direct agreement (contrato de acceso directo or step-in agreement) with the public entity granting them the right to replace the developer if it defaults before the lenders lose their security.

The agreement is needed when a public entity outsources long-term operation and maintenance (operación y mantenimiento — O&M) of existing public infrastructure — hospitals, schools, water treatment plants, toll roads — to a private operator under a service availability contract, where payment is conditional on the operator maintaining agreed service availability and performance metrics (indicadores de desempeño).

Under Ley APP Articles 1–5, SHCP Lineamientos para la elaboración y presentación de los análisis costo-beneficio, and applicable federal anti-corruption regulations, every federal APP contract must be approved by SHCP's Unidad de Inversiones, tendered through COMPRANET (the federal public procurement platform) under the Ley APP tender procedures, include a performance bond (garantía de cumplimiento) and a debt service reserve fund, and comply with the SFP's Programa de Verificación de Integridad y Etica Pública (PVIE) for anti-corruption certification.

What to Include in Your Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (APP)

A valid Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico under Ley APP Articles 1–5 and applicable federal regulations must include the following essential elements:

Project Description and Scope (Descripción y Alcance del Proyecto): A precise technical description of the infrastructure or service to be developed, including: functional specifications (especificaciones funcionales) and output requirements (requerimientos de producto); construction standards (normas de construcción) applicable under NOM (Normas Oficiales Mexicanas) and SCT/SICT technical regulations; service availability parameters (parámetros de disponibilidad del servicio) that trigger payment deductions; and environmental compliance requirements under the Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente (LGEEPA) including the Manifestación de Impacto Ambiental (MIA) authorisation from SEMARNAT.

Concession Term and Payment Structure (Plazo y Estructura de Pagos): The agreed concession period (plazo de la concesión) — typically 15 to 40 years — and the payment mechanism, which may be: government availability payments (pagos por disponibilidad) contingent on the infrastructure meeting agreed availability and performance standards; user fee revenues (ingresos por cobro al usuario) for toll roads, airports, and ports; a combination of guaranteed minimum payments (pagos mínimos garantizados) plus additional revenue sharing (participación en ingresos adicionales); or a shadow toll (peaje sombra) where the government pays based on traffic volume. The payment schedule must be consistent with SHCP's multi-year expenditure authorisation (autorización plurianual) under the Ley Federal de Presupuesto y Responsabilidad Hacendaria (LFPRH) Article 50.

Risk Allocation Matrix (Matriz de Distribución de Riesgos): A comprehensive risk allocation schedule showing which party bears each category of project risk, including: design and construction risk (riesgo de diseño y construcción) — typically borne by the private developer; demand/traffic risk (riesgo de demanda) — may be shared or borne by government for essential social infrastructure; financing risk (riesgo financiero) — typically private developer, with government guarantee only for qualifying social infrastructure projects; force majeure risk (riesgo de fuerza mayor) — typically shared or government-borne for unforeseeable events; and political/regulatory risk (riesgo regulatorio) — typically government-borne under Ley APP Article 18 compensation provisions.

Performance Standards and Deductions (Estándares de Desempeño y Deducciones): Measurable key performance indicators (indicadores clave de desempeño) for the infrastructure availability and service quality, with a deduction mechanism (mecanismo de deducciones) reducing government payments proportionally to performance shortfalls. Standard deduction bands (bandas de deducción) typically range from 5% for minor non-conformances to 100% for total unavailability, with cure periods before deductions apply.

Financing Structure and Lender Protections (Estructura Financiera y Protecciones para Acreedores): The approved project finance structure, including the equity contribution (aportación de capital) and debt-to-equity ratio (razón deuda-capital); the security package for lenders including assignment of the APP contract revenues and a step-in right agreement (contrato de acceso directo) between the public entity and the lenders; and the change-in-law compensation mechanism (mecanismo de compensación por cambio en ley) protecting the developer's financial model from adverse government-initiated regulatory changes.

Termination and Compensation (Terminación y Compensación): The termination events and compensation payable to the private developer upon early termination, distinguishing between: termination for developer default (terminación por incumplimiento del desarrollador) — minimum compensation typically limited to outstanding debt; termination for government convenience (terminación por conveniencia del gobierno) — full compensation including equity return and outstanding debt; and termination for force majeure (terminación por caso fortuito o fuerza mayor) — fair market value compensation. Ley APP Article 35 establishes the principles governing termination compensation for federal APP contracts.

Dispute Resolution (Resolución de Controversias): The dispute resolution mechanism — typically a multi-tiered process including: initial expert determination (perito técnico independiente) for technical disputes; followed by formal mediation (mediación) or conciliation (conciliación) under the Centro de Arbitraje de México (CAM) or CANACO rules; and final binding arbitration (arbitraje) under ICC or UNCITRAL rules, with Mexico City or New York as seat. APP disputes with federal government entities may also be resolved through the Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa (TFJA) under administrative litigation procedures. Forms-legal.com provides this APP contract template as a reference — every APP transaction requires specialised legal, financial, and technical advisers with APP project finance experience.

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@misc{formslegal-public-works-private-participation-contract-mexico,
  author       = {{Forms Legal}},
  title        = {Public Works Private Participation Contract Mexico (APP) (Mexico)},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://forms-legal.com/mexico/business/construction/public-works-private-participation-contract-mexico}},
  note         = {Free legal document template}
}

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Statute-referenced template — Template last modified June 2026

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