Co-ownership Agreement (Quebec)

A Quebec Co-ownership Agreement (Convention d’indivision) is a legal document that establishes the rules governing undivided co-ownership (indivision) of immovable property under articles 1012 to 1037 of the Code civil du Québec. Unlike divided co-ownership (copropriété divisée) where each owner has a separate lot, undivided co-ownership means all owners share the entire property in specified proportions without physical division. Under article 1013, each co-owner holds a share (part indivise) presumed equal unless otherwise agreed. The convention establishes administration rules, expense sharing, rights of use under article 1015, and provisions for eventual partition under article 1030. This agreement is essential for protecting the rights of all co-owners and preventing disputes.

You need this when two or more persons jointly own immovable property in Quebec without dividing it into separate lots. Common situations include: family members inheriting property together, couples purchasing property jointly, friends or business partners co-investing in real estate, or any situation where multiple parties share ownership. Use when you want to formalize the rules of joint ownership before or after acquisition.

Key elements: identification of all co-owners; property description with cadastral details; share percentages per art. 1013; administration rules for decision-making; expense sharing formulas; right of use per art. 1015; right of first refusal provisions; partition rights and restrictions per art. 1030; duration of indivision (up to 30 years); insurance requirements; dispute resolution; bonne foi clause per art. 1375; applicable law under the C.c.Q.