A Canadian Supply Agreement is a legally binding contract that establishes an ongoing commercial relationship between a supplier and a buyer for the regular purchase and delivery of goods. Unlike a one-time sales contract, a supply agreement governs a continuing relationship where the supplier commits to manufacturing, producing, or distributing specified goods to the buyer on a recurring basis, and the buyer commits to purchasing those goods according to agreed-upon terms, pricing, and delivery schedules.

Supply agreements in Canada are governed by the provincial Sale of Goods Acts in common law provinces. Ontario's Sale of Goods Act (R.S.O. 1990, c. S.1), British Columbia's Sale of Goods Act (R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 410), and Alberta's Sale of Goods Act (R.S.A. 2000, c. S-2) all imply terms of merchantable quality, fitness for purpose, and correspondence with description into every sale of goods unless the parties expressly exclude them. In Quebec, the Civil Code of Quebec (Articles 1708-1805) establishes the framework for the sale of movable property, with distinct rules on the seller's warranty against latent defects.

The federal Competition Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. C-34) is also relevant to supply agreements, particularly provisions regarding exclusive dealing arrangements (s. 77), tied selling (s. 77), and price maintenance (s. 76). Supply agreements that contain exclusivity provisions or minimum purchase requirements must be carefully structured to avoid contravening these competition law provisions.

GST/HST under the Excise Tax Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. E-15) applies to most commercial supply arrangements. Suppliers registered for GST/HST must charge the applicable tax on invoices, and the agreement should clearly state whether prices include or exclude GST/HST to avoid disputes. The Interest Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. I-15) governs the maximum permissible interest on late payments, requiring that any rate exceeding 5% per annum be expressly stated in the agreement.

A Canadian Supply Agreement is needed whenever a business enters into a recurring purchasing relationship with a supplier for goods that will be delivered on an ongoing basis. This is distinct from a one-time purchase, which is better served by a sales contract or purchase order.

Manufacturing companies that depend on a steady supply of raw materials, components, or parts from specific suppliers need a supply agreement to lock in pricing, quality standards, delivery schedules, and minimum order quantities. Without a written agreement, the manufacturer is vulnerable to price increases, quality fluctuations, delivery delays, and supply interruptions that can halt production lines.

Retailers and distributors that purchase inventory from wholesalers or manufacturers on a recurring basis need supply agreements to establish trade terms, payment schedules, return policies, and exclusive distribution rights. The agreement protects the retailer's supply chain and gives the supplier confidence in ongoing revenue.

Food service operations, restaurants, and hospitality businesses that depend on regular deliveries of food products, beverages, cleaning supplies, and other consumables benefit from supply agreements that specify product specifications, delivery frequency, substitution policies, and compliance with Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) standards.

Construction companies and contractors that regularly purchase building materials, lumber, concrete, steel, and other supplies from specific distributors use supply agreements to negotiate volume pricing, ensure product availability, and establish quality standards that comply with the National Building Code of Canada and provincial building codes.

Parties -- Full legal names, business addresses (including province and postal code), phone numbers, and email addresses of both the Supplier and Buyer. Include the entity type and jurisdiction of incorporation or registration.

Goods Description and Specifications -- A detailed description of the goods to be supplied, including specifications, grades, standards (such as CSA, ISO, or ASTM designations), quantities, and any quality requirements. Attach product specification sheets as schedules where appropriate.

Pricing and GST/HST -- The price per unit or pricing structure in Canadian dollars, whether prices include or exclude GST/HST under the Excise Tax Act, the Supplier's GST/HST registration number, and provisions for price adjustments (fixed pricing, annual escalation clauses, or market-based adjustments).

Payment Terms -- Invoice timing, payment deadlines (Net 15, Net 30, Net 45, Net 60, or prepayment), acceptable payment methods, late payment interest rates (subject to the Interest Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-15), and currency (Canadian dollars).

Delivery Terms -- Shipping terms (FOB Destination, FOB Origin, CIF, or Ex Works), delivery schedule and frequency, the carrier or logistics provider, delivery location, and which party bears the risk of loss during transit.

Term and Renewal -- The initial term of the agreement, whether it auto-renews, the renewal period, and the notice required for non-renewal. Include termination provisions for cause (material breach, insolvency under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act) and for convenience.

Quality Inspection and Rejection -- The Buyer's right to inspect goods upon delivery, the inspection period, the process for rejecting non-conforming goods, and the Supplier's obligation to replace, repair, or refund defective goods.

Warranties -- Express warranties from the Supplier regarding the quality, condition, and compliance of the goods, in addition to implied warranties under the applicable provincial Sale of Goods Act.

Insurance -- Minimum insurance requirements for the Supplier, including commercial general liability and product liability coverage amounts in Canadian dollars.

Confidentiality -- Protection of pricing, specifications, manufacturing processes, customer lists, and other proprietary information shared between the parties.

Governing Law -- The province whose laws govern the agreement, and the dispute resolution mechanism (arbitration, mediation, or litigation in the courts of the governing province).